How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people believe ADHD is just a condition that affects children however, it can affect adults. Diagnosed and treated for ADHD an individual can improve their life.
A diagnosis for ADHD may involve interviewing the person and family members. The specialist may look over old school records to determine whether the symptoms started in the early years of childhood.
Symptoms
Everyone has trouble concentrating and staying organized from time-to-time However, for those who suffers from ADHD the issues can be a hindrance with work, school and family life. A person must exhibit major symptoms in two of these areas and that they significantly affect the way they function in their daily lives to be diagnosed with ADHD. The symptoms must also be present for at least six months.
A doctor will inquire of the patient about his or her symptoms, as well as about any medical concerns and family history. They may also use rating systems to assess symptoms in adults or children. These questionnaires are usually based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5). They ask about symptoms such as hyperactivity, inattention and impulsivity.
In adult patients, doctors may request a conversation with a significant other or people who are familiar with the patient. This isn't to question the honesty of the patient, but to gain a better understanding of the behavior of a person that cannot be gleaned from the answers to a questionnaire. You can also inquire about childhood behavior and use the old school records to determine if the symptoms started prior to the age of 12.
Before determining the cause, the doctor will conduct a thorough physical examination and run lab tests to rule other ailments, such as thyroid problems or head injuries that could cause similar symptoms. The doctor will also look over the person's list of medications. Doctors will look at the interactions between stimulants and specific medications prescribed for depression, high blood pressure, and other conditions. It's important that adults talk to their primary healthcare providers if they suspect they may be suffering from ADHD.
Diagnosis
To be diagnosed with ADHD symptoms must manifest in at least two places (such as school, home and at work) and affect the functioning of the individual. They also must have begun before age 12, and the impairment cannot be due to another disorder, such as depression or anxiety.
A mental health professional uses various tools to evaluate the patient, including ADHD symptom lists, standardized behaviour rating scales, and a detailed medical history. They may also interview friends and family members to see how the person's symptoms have affected them. They'll ask if the symptoms are similar to the symptoms of other psychiatric disorders or physical ailments.
The evaluators will consider whether the symptoms are severe or mild. diagnosis of adhd will also look into the patient's medical and family background to determine if there are any root causes behind their condition for example, thyroid problems or head injuries.
In some instances an evaluator might decide to conduct a cognitive test or have the person undergo an imaging test to rule out any other possible causes for their symptoms, like mood disorders, learning disabilities personality disorders, and alcohol abuse. People with these issues often appear differently than those who do not have these issues. For example, boys tend to show hyperactive symptoms and girls exhibit inattention symptoms.
A few people suffering from ADHD are interested in participating in an experiment in order to test new treatments. This is a great chance to conduct further research. However, participants should be aware that the primary purpose of these studies is scientific knowledge and is not a guarantee of treatment. For more information on clinical trials, please visit NIMH's Clinical Trials fact sheet.
Treatment
For a person who suspects they may have ADHD it is important to find a professional who is experienced in diagnosing the disorder. Check with your health insurance provider for confirmation if ADHD specialists are covered. You could also ask your family physician or other healthcare providers for recommendations. Word-of-mouth recommendations are a good alternative.
A doctor will interview the patient -or their parents, in children's cases -- about their symptoms. She might use checklists with standardized criteria or ADHD symptoms, and may also ask other people in the patient's life for details like their spouses and families. Personal insight often uncovers more than can be discovered from questionnaires.
Experts will also look over old school records particularly old reports. The diagnosis of ADHD is usually based on the history of a person. To be considered diagnosed the symptoms must be present from the age of a child (technically, before the age 12).
Physical examinations are also often performed. It checks for other medical issues that could be causing the symptoms, such as seizures or thyroid issues. A neurological exam is typically carried out by an expert to check motor control and coordination. Psychological tests, which are designed to test abilities and intelligence, may be utilized as well. Additionally one could be asked to perform simple computer tasks that test memory and attention. This could help an expert determine if the person is hyperactive or inattentional. The expert will decide on a treatment plan and make an appropriate diagnosis. The treatment typically includes medication and therapy. Psychotherapy or talk therapy can help children and adults learn healthy coping strategies and alter destructive thought patterns. This therapy can be done by a primary care physician, or a mental health professional who has a specialization in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people with ADHD improve by taking medication. However it is not the only method of treating the condition. Adults, teenagers and children are also able to benefit from a psychotherapy session, behavioral therapy or a combination of both. These therapies help them cope and cope with their ADHD symptoms. Psychoeducation, which is a form of education on ADHD and ways to manage it, may be included. They can also include teachers, family members, and professionals.
It's crucial to locate a mental health professional or health professional who has experience in treating ADHD. You can ask other people with ADHD for suggestions or refer to a mental health practitioner you trust. You can also conduct an internet search. It is essential to find a doctor who is familiar with your insurance.
The doctor will ask you or your child about symptoms and issues caused by ADHD. They will perform physical examinations and check for any other health conditions that could cause similar symptoms. They will review your your child's medical history and family history, school records, and other reports.
Diagnosing ADHD in adults can be trickier because the Symptom Guidelines of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-V) are primarily designed to diagnose children. Your health care provider will talk to you or your child regarding their symptoms and may also request other people who spend many hours with them to complete questionnaires and checklists. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. Medications used to treat ADHD include stimulants, like methylphenidate and Lisdexamfetamine and nonstimulants such as atomoxetine or certain antidepressants. They work by increasing and balancing levels of brain chemicals called neurotransmitters.
Counseling
Many people suffering from ADHD also have comorbid disorders, like depression or anxiety. For resources , treatment should include therapy that targets these issues. Certain patients might benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy, which teaches skills such as time and task management, emotional self-regulation, and impulse control.
Therapists can also assist patients manage their symptoms by altering their lifestyle. For example an exercise routine that is regularly practiced can reduce hyperactivity and improve concentration. A healthier diet is also important; people with ADHD tend to eat higher levels of sugar and fat and consume less vegetables and fruits than other people. Making social and family relationships a priority can reduce anxiety and make people feel more in control of their lives.
Another big benefit of an ADHD diagnosis is that it can give adults and children a better comprehension of their issues. For instance, a child with ADHD might have difficulty communicating their needs to teachers and peers However, when a teacher realizes that it's not personal or due to a lack of motivation accommodations can be provided.
A professional evaluating ADHD will ask questions that are targeted to the person's age, speak with family and teachers, look over medical records, and check for any comorbid conditions. If ADHD symptoms started before adulthood school records can be helpful for adults.
The doctor will also look for any hearing or vision issues with hearing or vision. They might also conduct an examination of the blood to check for certain hormones, as well as other health conditions which can cause ADHD-like signs and symptoms.